What is Network?

A computer network can be described as a system of interconnected devices that can communicate using some common standards called the Internet protocol suite or TCP/IP. These devices communicate to exchange network resources, such as files and printers, and network services.

Here is an example of a computer network consisting of two computers connected together:

what is network

The example above shows that the two computers are directly connected using a cable. This small network can exchange data between just these two computers.

What if we want to expand our network? Then we can use network devices, such as routers, switches, or hubs, to connect two or more computers together:

a network with a hub

With the network topology above, all of the devices on the network can communicate with each other. That’s how computer networking works.

We’ll talk more about hubs and switches in just a moment. For now, remember that these devices serve as a central point for network connections to which all computers connect.

 

Types of Computer Networks

Listed below are the most common types of computer networks:

  • Local Area Network (LAN) – LANs are commonly used in small to medium size companies, households, buildings, etc., with limited space.
  • Personal Area Network (PAN) – PAN covers a short distance of 10 meters. Bluetooth is an example of PAN.
  • Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) – MANs are used in a single geographic region, such as a city or town.
  • Wide Area Network (WAN) – WANs cover larger areas like different states and countries.
  • Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) – Wireless LAN is used for wireless networks, connecting wired and wireless devices.

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